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Environmental reliability test: climatic environmental test, mechanical environmental test and comprehensive environmental test

The environmental reliability test can be divided into the following three types: climatic environmental test, mechanical environmental test and comprehensive environmental test.

Climatic environment test

 

It mainly includes high temperature test, low temperature test, rapid temperature change test, temperature impact test, constant temperature and humidity test, temperature and humidity cycle test, salt spray test, waterproof and dustproof test, UV aging test and xenon lamp aging test. It is to assess the adaptability of products under various environmental conditions, and it is one of the important test methods to evaluate the reliability of products.

(1) High temperature test

Test purpose: to assess the adaptability of test samples to storage or use under high temperature conditions. It is used for instruments and equipment working in high temperature environment such as tropical weather or steel plant.
Test equipment: high and low temperature (damp heat) test chamber.
Test conditions: a constant temperature stress and holding time are generally selected.
Preferred common temperature: 200 ℃, 175 ℃, 155 ℃, 125 ℃, 100 ℃, 85 ℃, 70 ℃, 55 ℃, etc;
The preferred common test time is 2h, 16h, 72h, 96h, etc.

(2) Low temperature test

Test purpose: to assess the adaptability of test samples to storage or use under low temperature conditions. It is often used for type test of products in the development stage, screening test of components, etc.
Test equipment: high and low temperature (damp heat) test chamber.
Test conditions: a constant temperature and test time are generally selected.
The preferred common temperatures are: - 65 ℃, -55 ℃, -40 ℃, -25 ℃, -10 ℃, -5 ℃, +5 ℃, etc;
The preferred common test time is 2h, 16h, 72h, 96h, etc.

(3) Rapid temperature change experiment

Test purpose: rapid temperature change is the temperature change that specifies the temperature change rate. It often simulates the regional environment with large temperature difference between day and night. It can also be used for life test to assess the appearance, mechanical performance and electrical performance of components or products.
Test equipment: rapid temperature change test chamber.
Test conditions:
1) High and low temperature values of temperature variation range;
2) Retention time of test sample at high and low temperature;
3) The rate of temperature change from low temperature to high temperature or from high temperature to low temperature;
4) Number of conditional test cycles.

(4) Temperature shock test

Test purpose: to assess the adaptability of the product to the sharp change of ambient temperature. The purpose of thermal shock test is basically the same as that of temperature cycle test, but the conditions of thermal shock test are much more severe than that of temperature cycle test.
Test equipment: two box cold and hot shock test chamber and three box cold and hot shock test chamber.
Test conditions:
1) High and low temperature values of temperature variation range;
2) Retention time of test sample at high and low temperature;
3) Conversion time from low temperature to high temperature or from high temperature to low temperature;
4) Number of conditional test cycles.

(5) Constant temperature experiment

Test purpose: to assess the adaptability of the product for use and storage under humid and hot conditions, observe the influence of the test sample under constant temperature, no condensation and high humidity environment for a specified time, and evaluate the effect of the test sample on the resistance to humid and hot deterioration in an accelerated manner.
Test equipment: constant temperature and humidity box.
Test conditions: test temperature; Test humidity; Test time.
Preferred common temperature / humidity: 40 ℃, 85%; 40℃,93%; 85 ℃, 85%;
The preferred common test time is 48h, 96h, etc.

(6) Temperature and humidity cycling test

Test purpose: it is applicable to determine the adaptability of the test sample for use and storage under the humid and hot conditions of temperature cycle change and surface condensation.
Test equipment: high and low temperature (damp heat) test chamber.
Test conditions: selected temperature, humidity, cycle times, temperature change rate and duration.

(7) Salt spray test

Test purpose: to assess the ability of products, materials and their protective layers to resist salt spray corrosion by simulating the climate environment of marine or humid areas.
Test equipment: salt spray test chamber.
Test conditions: prepare a solution with approximate seawater composition in the salt spray box, spray it into a fog, fill the whole box, and control the temperature, pH value, sedimentation rate, air pressure, placement angle and saturation tower temperature for accelerated test, so as to quickly identify the corrosion resistance of materials. There are three main salt spray tests: neutral salt spray test NSS, acid salt spray test AASs and copper ion accelerated acid salt spray test CASS.

(8) Waterproof test

Test purpose: it is mainly aimed at electronic products and equipment that are used outdoors or in a harsh environment. The representation is ipxx. The first characteristic number indicates the protection grade to prevent access to dangerous parts and the entry of solid foreign matters, and the second characteristic number indicates the protection grade to prevent the entry of water. It is used to assess whether the equipment or element can ensure good working performance after or during the test of product shell and seal.
Test conditions: ipx1-9.
Test equipment: IP waterproof test device, ipx9k high temperature and high pressure waterproof test machine.

(9) Dust proof test

Test purpose: it is used to test the sealing performance of the shell of the product, including the first characteristic number of 1 to 6, that is, the protection grade code is ip1x to ip6x. The tests of ip5x and ip6x specified in the enclosure protection grade standard mainly simulate the sand and dust environment encountered by the product during use, transportation and storage, so as to test the protection performance of its enclosure.
Test equipment: IP dust proof (sand dust) test box.
Test conditions: ip1x-6x.

(10) Ultraviolet aging test

Test purpose: simulate and strengthen the UV spectrum that has the most significant effect on material aging. Aging of materials includes fading, light loss, strength reduction, cracking, peeling, chalking and oxidation.
Test equipment: ultraviolet weathering test chamber.

(11) Xenon lamp aging test

Test purpose: the xenon arc lamp simulating the full sunlight spectrum is used to reproduce the destructive light waves existing in different environments, including visible light, ultraviolet light and infrared light, which can provide corresponding environmental simulation and accelerated test for scientific research, product development and quality control.
Test equipment: air cooled xenon lamp weathering test chamber, water-cooled xenon lamp weathering test chamber.